OSI (Open System Interconnection model)
Overview: It’s a reference model which describes that how different applications will communicate to each other over the computer network or also we can say that to Communicate Between two or more different devices which have different OS like one has Windows and another has Linux We have to follow through the protocol with the help of layers (Like, TCP, Telnet, etc)
| Layer (Name) | Type of Attacks (in Hacking) |
|---|---|
| Application Layer | Exploit |
| Presentation Layer | Phishing |
| Session Layer | Hijacking |
| Transport Layer | Reconnaissance/ Dos |
| Network Layer | Man-In-The Middle |
| Data Link | Spoofing |
| Physical Layer | Sniffing |
Basic Overview Works and Their Process of All each Layer with their protocols:-
7. Application Layer: (Used Protocols DNS, WWW/HTTP/P2P, Email/POP, SMTP, Telnet, FTP) It provides Services like transferring a file, surfing a file, sending an email or virtual terminal.
6. Presentation Layer: Presentation of Data and encryption of data Recognizing (e.g HTML, Doc, JPEG, MP3, Avl, Sockets) (SSL ) receives the data from the application layer in the form of numbers and texts and the presentation layer converts it into machine language.
5. Session Layer: Interhost Communication Session establishment in TCP, SIP, RTP, RPC- Named Pipes. Session Layer establishes the connection between communicating devices.
4. Transport Layer: make End-to-End Connection and Reliability. And make data in small packets. (Protocol Used:- TCP, UDP, SCTP, SSL, TLS)
3. Network Layer: Path determination and logical addressing. And send data in a small packet of data with sender and receiver IP address and send it with the best possible path determination. (IP, ARP, IPSEC, ICMP, IGMP, OSPF)
2. Data Link Layer: it received packet data content with IP address from the network layer (Physical addressing) Ethernet, MAC, LLC, VLAN, ATM, HDP, Fibre Channel, Frame Relay, HDLC, PPP, Q.921, Token Ring, 802.11
1. Physical Layer: Media, Signal, and Binary transmission RS-232, RJ-45, V34, 100 BASE-TX, SDH, DSL, 802.11